Orthopedic surgery helps people with problems in their bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These surgeries are done to reduce pain, fix injuries, and improve how the body moves. In this easy-to-understand guide, we explain the different types of orthopedic surgery, including joint replacement options. We also talk about common conditions, recovery, and how to choose the best orthopedic surgeon or joint replacement surgeon for your needs.
What is Orthopedic Surgery?
Orthopedic surgery is done to treat problems with the musculoskeletal system. This includes bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Surgery may be needed when other treatments like medicine, rest, or physical therapy do not work. Some procedures are small and quick, while others may be more complex like joint replacements.
If you are looking for the best orthopedic surgeon to help you with your pain or injury, it’s important to understand the types of surgery available.
Common Types of Orthopedic Surgery
Below are the most common types of orthopedic surgeries. Each one helps solve specific problems in the body.
1. Joint Replacement Surgery
Joint replacement surgery is when a damaged joint is replaced with an artificial joint. This surgery is often done when joints are worn out or badly injured. A joint replacement surgeon is trained to do these surgeries with care and precision.
1.1 Knee Replacement Surgery
A total knee replacement is one of the most common orthopedic surgeries. It is done when the knee joint is worn out, usually because of arthritis.
Types of Knee Replacement:
- Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
- Partial Knee Replacement (PKR)
- Revision Knee Replacement (for previous knee surgeries)
Benefits:
- Less pain
- Better movement
- Easier daily activities
If you’re planning for a total knee replacement, finding the best orthopedic surgeon will help make sure you get the best care and results.
1.2 Hip Replacement Surgery
Hip replacement surgery is done when the hip joint is badly damaged. It can help people walk better and feel less pain.
Types of Hip Replacement:
- Total Hip Replacement
- Partial Hip Replacement
- Hip Resurfacing
Choosing the best hip replacement option depends on your age, condition, and lifestyle. Always talk to a trusted joint replacement surgeon.
1.3 Shoulder Replacement Surgery
Shoulder replacement is less common but very helpful for people with shoulder pain or injury. It replaces the damaged parts with artificial components.
Types of Shoulder Replacement:
- Total Shoulder Replacement
- Reverse Shoulder Replacement
- Partial Shoulder Replacement
2. Arthroscopic Surgery
Arthroscopy is a type of surgery that uses a small camera and tools through tiny cuts. It is used to see inside the joint and fix problems.
Used for:
- Knee meniscus repair
- Shoulder rotator cuff repair
- Cartilage damage
Benefits:
- Smaller cuts
- Less pain
- Faster healing
3. Fracture Repair
When a bone breaks, it sometimes needs surgery to heal properly. Metal parts like plates, screws, or rods may be used to hold the bone together.
Common fracture areas:
- Hip
- Wrist
- Ankle
- Spine
Goal:
- Help the bone heal straight and strong
4. Spine Surgery
Spine surgery is done when back or neck problems do not get better with other treatments. It helps reduce pain and restore movement.
Common Types:
- Spinal Fusion: joins bones in the spine together
- Laminectomy: removes bone to ease nerve pressure
- Discectomy: removes a damaged disc
- Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty: fixes spine fractures from osteoporosis
5. Bone Fusion (Arthrodesis)
Bone fusion joins two or more bones together so they do not move. It is done when movement causes pain.
Common areas:
- Spine
- Wrist
- Ankle
Benefits:
- Less pain
- More stability
6. Soft Tissue Repair
This surgery fixes torn muscles, tendons, or ligaments. It is often needed for sports injuries or after accidents.
Examples:
- ACL reconstruction (knee)
- Rotator cuff repair (shoulder)
- Achilles tendon repair (ankle)
7. Orthopedic Oncology Surgery
This type of surgery treats bone and soft tissue tumors. It removes the tumor and may include rebuilding the bone.
Often needed for:
- Bone cancer
- Benign tumors
- Tumors from other parts of the body
8. Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery
Children sometimes need surgery for bone and joint problems they are born with or develop while growing.
Examples:
- Clubfoot correction
- Limb lengthening
- Spinal deformity repair
When is Orthopedic Surgery Needed?
You may need surgery if you have:
- Long-term joint or bone pain
- An injury that won’t heal
- Arthritis or joint wear
- A broken bone that is out of place
- Trouble walking or doing daily activities
If you’re thinking about surgery, talk to the best orthopedic surgeon in your area to explore your options.
Before Surgery: What to Expect
Before surgery, your doctor will:
- Check your medical history
- Do blood tests and scans (X-ray, MRI, or CT)
- Explain the risks and benefits
- Suggest pre-surgery exercises (prehab)
After Surgery: Recovery and Healing
Healing takes time and care. Your joint replacement surgeon will guide you through recovery. Most patients need:
- Pain medication
- Physical therapy
- Follow-up visits
- Help at home (for joint replacements)
Tips for Better Recovery:
- Follow your doctor’s advice
- Stay active (as recommended)
- Eat healthy and stay hydrated
Conclusion
Orthopedic surgery can help you live a better, more active life. Whether you need a total knee replacement, the best hip replacement, or care for an injury, understanding your options is the first step. A skilled orthopedic or joint replacement surgeon will work with you to choose the right treatment and support your recovery.
If you’re searching for the best orthopedic surgeon or joint replacement expert, take time to